{"id":6556,"date":"2016-09-29T19:45:57","date_gmt":"2016-09-29T19:45:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/?p=6556"},"modified":"2016-09-29T20:31:41","modified_gmt":"2016-09-29T20:31:41","slug":"coffee-drinking-scandalous","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/blog\/2016\/09\/coffee-drinking-scandalous\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Was Coffee Drinking Once Scandalous? &#8211; Article by Jeffrey A. Tucker"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/rationalbusinessjournal.rationalargumentator.com\/tophatwhitesm.jpg\" alt=\"The New Renaissance Hat\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><big><big><span style=\"color: #000080;\">Jeffrey Tucker<\/span><br \/>\n<\/big><\/big><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">******************************<\/div>\n<p>In 18th-century Europe, many products and services reached a newly emergent middle class for the first time in human history. The capitalist age was maturing, and that meant that average people had money for the first time and lots of choices on how to spend it. One of the new products they could buy was coffee. With that came a great deal of social suspicion and even dread.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">None other than Johann Sebastian Bach satirized the puritanical fear of coffee in his delightful and witty \u201cCoffee Cantata.\u201d It was one of the few times he ever tried his hand at pure pop entertainment. Of course he succeeded brilliantly; he was Bach after all!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u201cCoffee Cantata\u201d tells the story of a daughter who scandalized her father due to her devotion to coffee. She couldn\u2019t stop singing about how wonderful it is, while her father corrected her constantly. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cYou naughty child, you wild girl, ah!\u201d the father yells at his daughter. \u201cWhen will I achieve my goal: get rid of the coffee for my sake!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cFather sir, but do not be so harsh!\u201d she responds. \u201cIf I couldn&#8217;t, three times a day, be allowed to drink my little cup of coffee, in my anguish I will turn into a shriveled-up roast goat.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She happily agrees to do everything he says in every area of life except one: she will not give up coffee.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And then follows a beautiful tribute to coffee: \u201cHow sweet coffee tastes, more delicious than a thousand kisses, milder than muscatel wine. Coffee, I have to have coffee, and, if someone wants to pamper me, ah, then bring me coffee as a gift!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The father threatens her: &#8220;If you don&#8217;t give up coffee for me,\u00a0you won&#8217;t go to any wedding parties,\u00a0or even go out for walks.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She still refuses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then the daughter plays a little game. She has a husband in mind and extracts from him a promise that if she marries him, he must allow her to drink coffee. He agrees. Then she goes to her father, who opposes the marriage, and makes a deal: if she is permitted to marry him, she will give up coffee. The father is delighted, and agrees.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus does the daughter gain a new husband, and, much more importantly, a permanent right to drink coffee whenever she wants! <\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YC5KpmK6oOs\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What was this fear of coffee? Why was this such a big deal? It does have some narcotic properties to it, as we all know so well. It can give you a delightful lift. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But that alone does not account for the early opprobrium with which coffee-drinking, particularly for young girls, was greeted. For a fuller account, we need to understand something larger and more socially transformative: the advent of the coffee house itself. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The coffee house was one of the earliest public institutions, operating on a purely commercial basis, that brought a wide variety of social classes, not to mention a mixture between men and women, in a market-based social setting. In the 18th century, coffee houses spread all over Europe and the UK, attracting young people who would sit and drink together and discuss politics, religion, and business, and exchange any manner of ideas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>What the father in the Cantata is actually objecting to is not coffee as such but unapproved, unchaperoned social wanderings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Loss of Control<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This was a huge departure from the tradition that entitled parents and other social authorities, including governments, to determine what kind of associations their children would have. Coffee houses introduced a kind of anarchy to the social structure, and introduced new risks of randomized contact with ideas and people that parents could no longer control. Coffee represented freedom itself \u2013 the freedom to mix, mingle, and consume what one wanted.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indeed, coffee houses became a great source of public controversy. In England, in the 17th Century, Charles II tried to ban them all on grounds that they were <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;places where the disaffected met, and spread scandalous reports concerning the conduct of His Majesty and his Ministers.\u201d Even a century later, women were banned from attending them, and this was true in France as well. Germany had more liberal laws concerning women and coffee but public suspicion was still high, as the \u201cCoffee Cantata\u201d suggests. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/houghton_ec65a100674w_-_womens_petition_against_coffee.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6557 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/houghton_ec65a100674w_-_womens_petition_against_coffee-213x300.jpg\" alt=\"houghton_ec65a100674w_-_womens_petition_against_coffee\" width=\"213\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/houghton_ec65a100674w_-_womens_petition_against_coffee-213x300.jpg 213w, https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/houghton_ec65a100674w_-_womens_petition_against_coffee-71x100.jpg 71w, https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/houghton_ec65a100674w_-_womens_petition_against_coffee.jpg 481w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 213px) 100vw, 213px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Women who were banned from coffee houses developed a very clever response. In the famous \u201cWomen\u2019s Petition Against Coffee\u201d of 1674, women said that coffee was responsible for the \u201cenfeeblement\u201d of men. Historians say the campaign contributed to the gender integration of coffee houses. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We see, then, that the commercial availability of coffee actually contributed to the advance of women\u2019s rights! <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Looking back at the astonishing success of Starbucks in our own time, it doesn\u2019t seem surprising. They too serve as gathering spots, social mixers, places of business, and centers of conversation and ideas. We are more accustomed to it now than centuries ago, and yet even today, how much political controversy is engendered by access to products and services of which social authorities disapprove?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">War on pot anyone?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the &#8220;Coffee Cantata&#8221; concludes:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cats do not give up mousing,<br \/>\ngirls remain coffee-sisters.<br \/>\nThe mother adores her coffee-habit,<br \/>\nand grandma also drank it,<br \/>\nso who can blame the daughters!<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/jeffreytucker.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-6329 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/jeffreytucker-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Jeffrey Tucker\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h5><a href=\"http:\/\/fee.org\/people\/jeffrey-a-tucker\/\"><br \/>\nJeffrey Tucker<br \/>\n<\/a><\/h5>\n<div>\n<p><strong>Jeffrey Tucker<\/strong> is Director of Content for the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/fee.org\/\">Foundation for Economic Education<\/a>\u00a0and CLO of the startup\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/liberty.me\/\">Liberty.me<\/a>.\u00a0Author of five books, and many thousands of articles, he speaks at FEE summer seminars and other events. His latest book is\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/amzn.to\/1ABe9p1\"><em>Bit by Bit: How P2P Is Freeing the World<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/jeffreyatucker\">Follow<\/a>\u00a0on Twitter and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/jeffreytucker.official\">Like<\/a>\u00a0on Facebook. <a href=\"mailto:tucker@fee.org\">Email<\/a>.\u00a0<a class=\"twitter-timeline\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/jeffreyatucker\" data-widget-id=\"598453032930578433\">Tweets by @jeffreyatucker<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-style: italic;\">This article was originally published on FEE.org. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/fee.org\/articles\/why-was-coffee-drinking-once-scandalous\/?mc_cid=f1ee5a2243&amp;mc_eid=ac01b9df2a\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/fee.org\/counter\/142997\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jeffrey Tucker ****************************** In 18th-century Europe, many products and services reached a newly emergent middle class for the first time in human history. The capitalist age was maturing, and that meant that average people had money for the first time and lots of choices on how to spend it. One of the new products they could buy was coffee. With that came a great deal of social suspicion and even dread. None other than Johann Sebastian Bach satirized the puritanical&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/blog\/2016\/09\/coffee-drinking-scandalous\/\"> Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,7,6],"tags":[1161,712,4902,119,2664,2665,83,84,523,4903,4904,2776,4901],"class_list":["post-6556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-economics","category-history","tag-bach","tag-capitalism","tag-coffee","tag-enlightenment","tag-fee","tag-foundation-for-economic-education","tag-free-markets","tag-freedom","tag-jeffrey-tucker","tag-johann-sebastian-bach","tag-salon","tag-social-freedom","tag-womens-rights"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6556"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6556\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6562,"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6556\/revisions\/6562"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6556"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6556"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rationalargumentator.com\/index\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}